Basically, a solar photovoltaic system can provide you with the power you need. Basic solar PV systems can be classified as off-grid, grid-tied or hybrid systems. All three systems have different benefits depending on location and power utilization settings.
Off-grid solar PV systems are one of the popular systems for those who wish to have autonomous power equipment or who need portability and are away from the national grid. Advantages include:
(1) Simple and easy to build and maintain. All you need is solar PV panels, wires, charge controller and batteries.
(2) Portability. You can start the device anywhere as long as there is sunlight, such as when camping outdoors in the forest or traveling in an RV.
(3) It can be used in equipment far away from the power grid. Wiring is cumbersome over large areas and requires experienced installation personnel and compliance with local ground cabling standards to prevent electrical shocks.
(4) Fully customizable and scalable. You can have a small solar PV system to power your small appliances or a large solar PV system to power your entire home or community.
(5) Solar energy self-sufficiency and autonomous power. Since you're not dependent on the grid for power, you don't need to worry about power outages and pay the utility grid anything.
(6) This is green sustainable energy you can trust. The sun is free and you have all the energy it harvests. You don't have to worry about the environmental impact of your power companies, as some of them still rely on polluting fossil fuels.
(7) Increased affordability of batteries for the foreseeable future. As technology improves and EV production increases, we will see further reductions in battery costs and improvements in battery efficiency in the near future.
Grid-connected solar photovoltaic system It is also known as grid interconnection and grid-feedback solar photovoltaic system. Basically, that means it's a solar photovoltaic system connected to the utility grid. Grid-tied systems are most commonly found in households that already have a utility grid, but also want more benefits from self-generation from their own solar PV system. The benefits of a grid-connected solar PV system are as follows:
You can use the electricity generated by the panel directly from the household plug. In grid-connected systems, solar photovoltaics are directly connected to the home grid through grid-connected inverters. In a grid-tied system, the grid-tied inverter will detect the power and waveform from the main grid, and then inject a slightly higher voltage into the home grid, which is phase-synchronized with the home grid power (also known as a synchronous inverter). If your appliance switch is on and needs power, it will first draw power from the grid-tied inverter and then draw additional energy from the utility grid. It doesn't save electricity usage by equipment, but it reduces electricity usage from the utility grid, thereby reducing monthly electricity bills.
Hybrid solar PV systems are fully automated through a computerized system that can decide when to use electricity from solar PV panels, electricity from batteries, or electricity from the utility grid. It reduces reliance on the electricity utility grid and is able to control much of the power usage of the solar photovoltaic panels, while also ensuring that the batteries are backed up in the event of a grid outage. It can further be set to use only power from the battery to supply critical loads when the electrical utility grid is off. The hybrid system is also expandable. Since it can support very high power input and output, it is suitable for high power consumption devices used by ordinary households, such as air conditioners and refrigerators.
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