Photovoltaic power generation is the use of equipment to convert solar energy resources into the electrical energy we need, make full use of semiconductors and related electronic equipment components, solar cells, and arrange them into a power generation system of a certain scale. A solar photovoltaic system converts solar photovoltaic power generation into direct current, and an energy inverter is used to convert the current converted from solar energy into the electricity that people need.
The photovoltaic trend is moving to rooftops. Due to the difference between the sun's vertical height and its vertical height, the solar resource is more abundant on the roof than on the ground. Therefore, building a photovoltaic power station on the roof can reduce the use of land resources and sufficiently increase the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.
The solar photovoltaic system is composed of a solar cell group, a solar controller, and a storage battery (group). If the output power is AC 220V or 110V, an inverter is also required. The functions of each part are:
1. Solar panel: The solar panel is the core part of the solar photovoltaic system, and it is also the most valuable part of the solar photovoltaic system. Its function is to convert the sun's radiation ability into electrical energy, or store it in the battery, or promote work load. The quality and cost of solar panels will directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system.
2. Solar controller: The function of the solar controller is to control the working state of the whole system, and to protect the battery from over-charging and over-discharging. In places with large temperature differences, qualified controllers should also have the function of temperature compensation. Other additional functions such as light control switch and time control switch should be optional options of the controller.
3. Battery: generally lead-acid battery, nickel-hydrogen battery, nickel-cadmium battery or lithium battery can also be used in small and micro systems. Its function is to store the electric energy from solar panels when there is light, and release it when needed.
4. Inverter: In many occasions, it is necessary to provide 220VAC and 110VAC AC power. Because the direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC. In order to provide power to 220VAC electrical appliances, it is necessary to convert the DC power generated by the solar photovoltaic system into AC power, so a DC-AC inverter is required. In some occasions, when loads with multiple voltages are required, a DC-DC inverter is also used, such as converting 24VDC power into 5VDC power (note that it is not a simple step-down).
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